win32 api in python

Charles Petzold hello world

/*------------------------------------------------------------
   HELLOWIN.C -- Displays "Hello, Windows 98!" in client area
                 (c) Charles Petzold, 1998
  ------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
#include <windows.h>
 
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;
 
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                    PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
     static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("HelloWin") ;
     HWND         hwnd ;
     MSG          msg ;
     WNDCLASS     wndclass ;
 
     wndclass.style         = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
     wndclass.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc ;
     wndclass.cbClsExtra    = 0 ;
     wndclass.cbWndExtra    = 0 ;
     wndclass.hInstance     = hInstance ;
     wndclass.hIcon         = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
     wndclass.hCursor       = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
     wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ;
     wndclass.lpszMenuName  = NULL ;
     wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;
 
     if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
     {
          MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("This program requires Windows NT!"), 
                      szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
          return 0 ;
     }
     hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName,                  // window class name
                          TEXT ("The Hello Program"), // window caption
                          WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,        // window style
                          CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial x position
                          CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial y position
                          CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial x size
                          CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial y size
                          NULL,                       // parent window handle
                          NULL,                       // window menu handle
                          hInstance,                  // program instance handle
                          NULL) ;                     // creation parameters
 
     ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
     UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;
 
     while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
     {
          TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
          DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
     }
     return msg.wParam ;
}
 
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
     HDC         hdc ;
     PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
     RECT        rect ;
 
     switch (message)
     {
     case WM_CREATE:
          PlaySound (TEXT ("hellowin.wav"), NULL, SND_FILENAME | SND_ASYNC) ;
          return 0 ;
 
     case WM_PAINT:
          hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
 
          GetClientRect (hwnd, &rect) ;
 
          DrawText (hdc, TEXT ("Hello, Windows 98!"), -1, &rect,
                    DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER) ;
          EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
          return 0 ;
 
     case WM_DESTROY:
          PostQuitMessage (0) ;
          return 0 ;
     }
     return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
}

Hello world in Python using ctypes

• reference : http://blog-of-darius.blogspot.com/2011/03/programing-win32-with-python-2x-version.html
• win32 sdk api의 각종 상수나 구조체 등이 정의가 되어 있지않으므로 직접 정의하여 사용하여야 한다. 불편함
• user32.dll 등을 직접 사용하는데 unicode 관련하여 RegisterClass 등이 export 되어 있지 않고 직접 RegisterClassExW and CreateWindowExW 등을 가져다 써야 한다.

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
from sys import platform, exit
from ctypes import (windll, Structure, sizeof, WINFUNCTYPE, pointer, byref, c_uint, c_int, c_char)
from ctypes.wintypes import (HWND, HANDLE, HBRUSH, LPCWSTR, WPARAM, LPARAM, MSG, RECT)
 
# kernel32, gdi32, user32 are NOT module name
# you must specify function name explicitly like "user32.CreateWindowExW"
# cannot use "from user32 import *"
kernel32 = windll.kernel32
gdi32 = windll.gdi32
user32 = windll.user32
 
# have to define constants
WS_EX_APPWINDOW = 0x40000
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW = 0xcf0000
WS_CAPTION = 0xc00000
SW_SHOWNORMAL = 1
SW_SHOW = 5
CS_HREDRAW = 2
CS_VREDRAW = 1
CW_USEDEFAULT = 0x80000000
WM_PAINT = 0xF
WM_DESTROY = 0x2
WHITE_BRUSH = 0
DT_SINGLELINE = 0x20
DT_CENTER = 0x1
DT_VCENTER = 0x4
 
# have to declare data structures, function declaration
WNDPROCTYPE = WINFUNCTYPE(c_int, HWND, c_uint, WPARAM, LPARAM)
 
# no CreateWindow export in user32.dll
# We have to use WNDCLASSEX, RegisterClassExW and CreateWindowExW 
class WNDCLASSEX(Structure):
    _fields_ = [("cbSize", c_uint),
                ("style", c_uint),
                ("lpfnWndProc", WNDPROCTYPE),
                ("cbClsExtra", c_int),
                ("cbWndExtra", c_int),
                ("hInstance", HANDLE),
                ("hIcon", HANDLE),
                ("hCursor", HANDLE),
                ("hBrush", HBRUSH),
                ("lpszMenuName", LPCWSTR),
                ("lpszClassName", LPCWSTR),
                ("hIconSm", HANDLE),
                ]
 
class PAINTSTRUCT(Structure):
    _fields_ = [('hdc', c_int),
                ('fErase', c_int),
                ('rcPaint', RECT),
                ('fRestore', c_int),
                ('fIncUpdate', c_int),
                ('rgbReserved', c_char * 32)]
 
# removed play sound.
def PyWndProcedure(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam):
    if message == WM_PAINT:
        ps = PAINTSTRUCT()
        rect = RECT()
        hdc = user32.BeginPaint(hwnd, byref(ps))
        user32.GetClientRect(hwnd, byref(rect))
        user32.DrawTextW(hdc, u"Hello, Windows 98!", -1, byref(rect),
                         DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER)
        user32.EndPaint(hwnd, byref(ps))
        return 0 ;
    elif message == WM_DESTROY:
        user32.PostQuitMessage(0)
    else:
        return user32.DefWindowProcW(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam)
    # need this
    return 0
 
WndProc = WNDPROCTYPE(PyWndProcedure)
 
# have to get a handle to the current module explicitly
hInst = kernel32.GetModuleHandleW(0)
 
# create window class structure
szAppName = u"HelloWin"
wndclass = WNDCLASSEX()
wndclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX)
wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc
wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0
wndclass.hInstance = hInst
wndclass.hIcon = 0
wndclass.hCursor = 0
wndclass.hBrush = gdi32.GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH)
wndclass.lpszMenuName = 0
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName
wndclass.hIconSm = 0
 
# register window class
hr_registerclass = user32.RegisterClassExW(byref(wndclass))
 
# create window
hwnd = user32.CreateWindowExW(0,
                              szAppName,
                              u"The Hello Program",
                              WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_CAPTION,
                              CW_USEDEFAULT,
                              CW_USEDEFAULT,
                              CW_USEDEFAULT,
                              CW_USEDEFAULT,
                              0,
                              0,
                              hInst,
                              0)
user32.ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_SHOW)
user32.UpdateWindow(hwnd)
 
msg = MSG()
lpmsg = pointer(msg)
 
while user32.GetMessageW(byref(msg), 0, 0, 0) != 0:
    user32.TranslateMessage(byref(msg))
    user32.DispatchMessageW(byref(msg))

Hello world in python using win32py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
from win32api import (GetModuleHandle,) 
from win32gui import (WNDCLASS, 
                      GetStockObject,
                      RegisterClass, 
                      CreateWindow,
                      ShowWindow,
                      UpdateWindow, 
                      GetMessage,
                      TranslateMessage,
                      DispatchMessage,
                      PostQuitMessage,
                      BeginPaint,
                      GetClientRect,
                      DrawText,
                      EndPaint,
                      )
from win32con import (WHITE_BRUSH,
                      WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
                      WS_CAPTION,
                      CW_USEDEFAULT,
                      SW_SHOW,
                      WM_PAINT, 
                      WM_DESTROY, 
                      CS_VREDRAW, 
                      CS_HREDRAW, 
                      DT_SINGLELINE,
                      DT_CENTER,
                      DT_VCENTER,
                      )
 
def OnPaint(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam):
    hdc, ps = BeginPaint(hwnd)
    rect = GetClientRect(hwnd)
    int, rect = DrawText(hdc, u"Hello, Windows 98!" , -1 , rect,
                         DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER)
    EndPaint(hwnd, ps)
    return 0
 
def OnDestroy(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam):
    PostQuitMessage(0)
 
message_map = {WM_PAINT: OnPaint, 
               WM_DESTROY: OnDestroy,
               }
 
# have to create hInstance explicitly
hInst = GetModuleHandle()
 
# create window class structure
szAppName = u"HelloWin"
wndclass = WNDCLASS()
wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = message_map
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0
wndclass.hInstance = hInst
wndclass.hIcon = 0
wndclass.hCursor = 0
wndclass.hbrBackground = GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH)
wndclass.lpszMenuName = ''
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName.encode('utf8')
# need encode!
 
# register window class
hr_registerclass = RegisterClass(wndclass)
 
# create window
hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName, 
                    u"The Hello Program", 
                    WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_CAPTION,
                    CW_USEDEFAULT,
                    CW_USEDEFAULT,
                    CW_USEDEFAULT,
                    CW_USEDEFAULT,
                    0,
                    0,
                    hInst,
                    None) # must be None!
ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_SHOW)
UpdateWindow(hwnd)
 
# message loop
while True:
    b, msg = GetMessage(hwnd, 0, 0)
    if msg == 0:
        break
    TranslateMessage(msg)
    DispatchMessage(msg)

Another version

• all message monitoring
• use pyqt

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
from win32api import (GetModuleHandle,) 
from win32gui import (WNDCLASS, 
                      GetStockObject,
                      RegisterClass, 
                      CreateWindow,
                      ShowWindow,
                      UpdateWindow, 
                      GetMessage,
                      TranslateMessage,
                      DispatchMessage,
                      PostQuitMessage,
                      BeginPaint,
                      GetClientRect,
                      DrawText,
                      EndPaint,
                      DefWindowProc,
                      )
from win32con import (WHITE_BRUSH,
                      WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
                      WS_CAPTION,
                      CW_USEDEFAULT,
                      SW_SHOW,
                      WM_PAINT, 
                      WM_DESTROY, 
                      CS_VREDRAW, 
                      CS_HREDRAW, 
                      DT_SINGLELINE,
                      DT_CENTER,
                      DT_VCENTER,
                      )
 
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
from PyQt4.QtGui import *
 
def OnEvent(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam):
    print message, wParam, lParam
    if message == WM_PAINT:
        OnPaint(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam)
    elif message == WM_DESTROY:
        OnDestroy(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam)
    else:
        return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam)
    return 0
 
def OnPaint(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam):
    hdc, ps = BeginPaint(hwnd)
    rect = GetClientRect(hwnd)
    int, rect = DrawText(hdc, u"Hello, Windows 98!" , -1 , rect,
                         DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER)
    EndPaint(hwnd, ps)
    return 0
 
def OnDestroy(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam):
    PostQuitMessage(0)
 
message_map = {WM_PAINT: OnPaint, 
               WM_DESTROY: OnDestroy,
               }
 
# have to create hInstance explicitly
hInst = GetModuleHandle()
 
# create window class structure
szAppName = u"HelloWin"
wndclass = WNDCLASS()
wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = OnEvent#message_map
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0
wndclass.hInstance = hInst
wndclass.hIcon = 0
wndclass.hCursor = 0
wndclass.hbrBackground = GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH)
wndclass.lpszMenuName = ''
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName.encode('utf8')
# need encode!
 
# register window class
hr_registerclass = RegisterClass(wndclass)
 
# create window
hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName, 
                    u"The Hello Program", 
                    WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_CAPTION,
                    CW_USEDEFAULT,
                    CW_USEDEFAULT,
                    CW_USEDEFAULT,
                    CW_USEDEFAULT,
                    0,
                    0,
                    hInst,
                    None) # must be None!
ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_SHOW)
UpdateWindow(hwnd)
 
# message loop
app = QApplication([])
app.exec_()

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